:root {
    --cream:   #f8f6f0;
    --green:   #487d49;
    --gold:    #d6a438;
    --dark:    #1a5c2a;
    --white:   #ffffff;
    --text:    #1e1e1e;
    --muted:   #6b6b5e;
  }
  /* ── HERO ── */
  .hero-casestudy {
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 110px 0 100px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .hero-casestudy::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse 60% 55% at 50% 45%, rgba(72,125,73,0.05) 0%, transparent 70%);
    pointer-events: none;
  }

  .hero-casestudy-inner {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

 .hero-casestudy-eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: #113a12;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

  .hero-casestudy-eyebrow::before,
  .hero-casestudy-eyebrow::after {
    content: '';
    width: 30px;
    height: 1.5px;
    background: var(--green);
    display: block;
  }

  .hero-casestudy-title {
    
    font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 6vw, 5.8rem);
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 1.0;
    color: var(--dark);
    margin-bottom: 22px;
  }

  .hero-casestudy-title em {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--gold);
  }

  .hero-casestudy-subtitle {   
    font-size: 30px;
    /*font-style: italic;*/
    color: #000;
    margin-bottom: 56px;
    max-width: 820px;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }

  /* thin divider above meta */
  .hero-casestudy-divider {
    width: 60px;
    height: 1.5px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--green), var(--gold));
    border-radius: 2px;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
  }

  .hero-casestudy-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .meta-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(26,92,42,0.13);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(26,92,42,0.07);
    min-width: 100px;
  }

  .meta-label {
    font-size: 16px;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #000;
    font-weight: 500;
  }

  .meta-value {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--dark);
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
  /* ── SECTION BASE ── */
  section { width: 100%; }
  .container { max-width: 1180px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 48px; }

  /* ── INTRO BAND ── */
  .intro-band {
    background: var(--cream);
    padding: 80px 0;
  }

  .intro-inner {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
    gap: 80px;
    align-items: start;
  }

  .section-label {
    font-size: 16px;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--green);
    font-weight: 600;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .section-label::after {
    content: '';
    flex: 1;
    height: 1px;
    background: rgba(72,125,73,0.3);
  }

  .big-intro-text {
    
    font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 2vw, 1.75rem);
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--text);
    font-weight: 400;
  }

  .big-intro-text strong {
    color: var(--dark);
    font-weight: 700;
  }

  /* ── PALM OIL SECTION ── */
  .palm-section {
    background: var(--cream);
    padding: 60px 0 100px;
  }

  .section-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 64px;
  }

  .section-title {
    
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.5vw, 3rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark);
    margin-top: 16px;
    line-height: 1.15;
  }

  .section-title em {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--gold);
  }

  .cards-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 2px;
    background: rgba(26,92,42,0.1);
    border-radius: 20px;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 36px 28px;
    position: relative;
    transition: background 0.3s;
  }

  .card:hover { background: var(--dark); }
  .card:hover .card-title { color: var(--gold); }
  .card:hover .card-body { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); }
  .card:hover .card-icon { background: rgba(214,164,56,0.15); color: var(--gold); }

  .card-icon {
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    background: rgba(72,125,73,0.1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 22px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    transition: all 0.3s;
  }

  .card-title {
    
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    transition: color 0.3s;
  }

  .card-body {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--muted);
    transition: color 0.3s;
  }

  /* ── EXPORT STRATEGY ── */
  .export-section {
    background: var(--dark);
    padding: 100px 0;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .export-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -80px; right: -80px;
    width: 500px; height: 500px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(214,164,56,0.08) 0%, transparent 70%);
    pointer-events: none;
  }

  .export-section .section-label { color: var(--gold); }
  .export-section .section-label::after { background: rgba(214,164,56,0.3); }
  .export-section .section-title { color: var(--white); }

  .export-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
    border-radius: 20px;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .export-card {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
    padding: 44px 40px;
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    position: relative;
  }

  .export-card:hover {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    border-left-color: var(--gold);
  }

  .export-num {    
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    color: rgba(214,164,56,0.2);
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .export-card-title {    
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
  }

  .export-card-body {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
  }

  /* ── MARKETS SECTION ── */
  .markets-section {
    background: var(--cream);
    padding: 100px 0;
  }

  .markets-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1fr;
    gap: 80px;
    align-items: start;
  }

  .market-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 3px; }

  .market-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 24px;
    padding: 24px 28px;
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 12px;
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    cursor: default;
  }

  .market-item:hover {
    border-left-color: var(--green);
    transform: translateX(6px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 24px rgba(26,92,42,0.08);
  }

  .market-flag { font-size: 28px; }

  .market-name {    
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark);
    margin-bottom: 4px;
  }

  .market-desc { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.5; }

  .market-badge {
    margin-left: auto;
    background: rgba(72,125,73,0.1);
    color: var(--green);
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 100px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }

  .markets-aside {
    position: sticky;
    top: 40px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
  }

  .aside-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 20px;
    padding: 36px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .aside-card.gold-card {
    background: var(--gold);
  }

  .aside-card.dark-card {
    background: var(--dark);
  }

  .aside-big-num {    
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 1;
    color: var(--dark);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
  }

  .gold-card .aside-big-num { color: var(--white); }
  .dark-card .aside-big-num { color: var(--gold); }

  .aside-label {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: rgba(26,92,42,0.7);
    max-width: 200px;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  .gold-card .aside-label { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8); }
  .dark-card .aside-label { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); }

  /* ── IMPACT SECTION ── */
  .impact-section {
    background: var(--green);
    padding: 100px 0;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .impact-section::after {
    content: '🌍';
    position: absolute;
    right: 5%;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    font-size: 320px;
    opacity: 0.06;
    pointer-events: none;
  }

  .impact-section .section-label { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6); }
  .impact-section .section-label::after { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2); }
  .impact-section .section-title { color: var(--white); }

  .impact-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 3px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    border-radius: 20px;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-top: 60px;
  }

  .impact-block {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
    padding: 48px 36px;
    transition: background 0.3s;
  }

  .impact-block:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1); }

  .impact-icon {
    font-size: 36px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    display: block;
  }

  .impact-heading {    
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--gold);
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }

  .impact-text {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);
  }

  /* ── CONCLUSION ── */
  .conclusion-section {
    background: var(--cream);
    padding: 100px 0;
  }

  .conclusion-inner {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 80px;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .conclusion-text {    
    font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--text);
  }

  .conclusion-text strong { color: var(--dark); font-weight: 700; }

  .conclusion-visual {
    background: var(--dark);
    border-radius: 24px;
    padding: 48px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  .conclusion-visual::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -40px; left: -40px;
    width: 200px; height: 200px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(214,164,56,0.15) 0%, transparent 70%);
  }

  .stat-row {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .stat-dot {
    width: 10px; height: 10px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--gold);
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }

  .stat-text {
    font-size: 15px;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  .stat-text span {    
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--gold);
    display: block;
  }

  /* ── FOOTER BAR ── */
  /*.footer-bar {
    background: var(--dark);
    padding: 28px 48px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .footer-brand {
    
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--white);
  }

  .footer-brand span { color: var(--gold); }

  .footer-copy {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  }*/

  /* ── DIVIDER ── */
  .gold-rule {
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--gold), var(--green), var(--dark));
    width: 100%;
  }

  /* ── RESPONSIVE ── */
  @media (max-width: 900px) {
    .hero-casestudy { grid-template-columns: 1fr; min-height: auto; }
    .hero-casestudy-right { height: 360px; }
    .hero-casestudy-left { padding: 60px 32px; }
    .intro-inner, .markets-layout, .conclusion-inner,
    .export-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; }
    .cards-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .impact-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .container { padding: 0 24px; }
    .markets-aside { position: static; }
  }

  @media (max-width: 540px) {
    .cards-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .hero-casestudy-meta { gap: 10px; }
    .meta-item { min-width: 90px; padding: 10px 14px; }
  }

  /* ── SCROLL ANIMATION ── */
 /* .reveal {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(28px);
    transition: opacity 0.7s ease, transform 0.7s ease;
  }

  .reveal.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
*/